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Copyright and Fair Use/Dealing Notice 2026: This website includes excerpts, screenshots, and quotations from textbooks, academic publications, and other copyrighted works. These materials are used for educational, research, commentary, and informational purposes only. Such use is intended to align with the principles of fair dealing under Canadian copyright law and fair use under U.S. copyright law (Section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act). No commercial benefit is derived from their inclusion.If you are a copyright holder and believe your material has been used inappropriately, please contact us, and we will address your concern promptly.

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